Iran

As early as 1957, the U.S. agreed to help the Shah obtain enriched uranium for civilian nuclear power plants.... After the Islamic Revolution of 1979, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini halted the construction [of 2 reactors at Bushehr] on the grounds that nuclear power was "un-Islamic," but the ferocious Iran-Iraq war and the damage it did to Iranian oil production facilities made the ayatollah reconsider. Iran resumed acquisition of the equipment necessary to produce nuclear fuel, and in January 1995, the government of President Ali Akbar Hashemi-Rafsanjani signed a contract with Russia to finish construction of the two reactors at the Bushehr facility (which had been bombed by Iraq in the 1980s), as well as a centrifuge plant to enrich uranium and an additional research reactor. In a nod to its NPT obligations, Russia agreed to take back the plutonium-laden spend fuel from the reactors.
- Kaveh Ehsani amd Chris Toensing, Neo-Conservatives, Hardline Clerics and the Bomb, Middle East Report, Winter 2004, p. 12